Letter Urging Funding for Public Interest Declassification Board
Attention: National Security Legislative Assistant
House Appropriations Committee
H-218 Capitol Building
Washington, DC 20515
House Appropriations Committee:
It has come to our attention that, as first reported by Secrecy News, Congress has not appropriated funds for the Public Interest Declassification Board (the "Board") this year, and no money requested for the coming year. As a result, the Board has no funding and thus cannot operate. We, the undersigned bi-partisan public interest organizations, request that the President's Assistant for National Security Affairs (i.e. the National Security Advisor) issue guidance to Congress on the funding needed to support the Board (as mandated by the 2001 Intelligence Authorization Act) and that Congress appropriate sufficient funding for adequate operation of the Board for fiscal year 2006. This letter is also being sent to President George W. Bush, National Security Advisor Stephen Hadley, Senator Trent Lott, Senator Ron Wyden, the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and the Senate Appropriations Committee.
The Board is important because it would help identify documents that truly should or should not be classified. In addition to its legislative creation in the 2001 Intelligence Authorization Act (title VII of Public Law 106-567), the need for an independent declassification board to enhance national security was affirmed by the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, which extended the Board's mandate for an additional four years. Originally set to expire at the end of 2004, the Board now is authorized until 2008.
As the 9/11 Commission Report and national security experts have concluded, the current classification system has led to weak information sharing between agencies involved in homeland security, and to the improper classification of documents that should be made public. Last summer, Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Counterintelligence and Security Carol Haave testified before Congress that about 50% of classified documents should not be classified. In Fall 2004, Secretary of State Colin Powell stated that, because of over-classification, "access [is] more difficult than was the case even at the height of the Cold War." Too much secrecy hinders the operation of the government and hides problems that often need public disclosure to be remedied. Secrecy often hides government waste, fraud and abuse. Furthermore, unless there is a compelling need for secrecy, the government should operate transparently so that the public can hold the government accountable for its activities.
Secrecy is expensive, too. Although the numbers have not yet been released for FY 2004, in FY 2003 the cost of protecting classified information was $6.5 billion (up from $4.7 billion in FY 2001, reflecting the increased classification). Because of excessive classification, billions are wasted on protecting wrongly classified information. The Board would help change this currently unaccountable and wasteful government culture of secrecy.
Although the Board was initially authorized in FY 2001, no members were named until September 2004, when President Bush named five members to the nine-person Board. In February, House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi named one member and in March, Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist another. Two slots remain to be filled, one each by the Speaker of the House and the Senate Minority Leader. We urge Congress to fill out the ranks of the Board's membership. However, even if the Board's final two members are not named, the Board could operate with its current membership of seven, if it were funded, as only five members are needed to constitute a quorum. Funding is needed for the required security clearance reviews for Board members, Board member compensation, and staff support.
According to William Leonard, director of the Information Security Oversight Office, the explanation for this year's lack of funding is timing. The Board was originally set to expire at the end of 2004, so no funding need was anticipated for FY 2005. The need for funding changed when the Intelligence Reform legislation passed in December 2004 which revived the Board for four more years. Yet even though the Board's mandate has been legislatively renewed, money has not been appropriated for 2006. We urge Congress to fund the Board so it can begin its important work.
A working Public Interest Declassification Board will help alleviate the problems of over-classification. It will allow for crucial independent review of agency decisions and balanced consideration of the need for secrecy to protect national security in relation to the public interest. However, funding the Board is only a stepping stone to establishing a balance between secrecy and openness in government. For the Board to become fully effective, it should be given independent authority to declassify documents and be augmented by critical and diligent Congressional oversight.
We hope you take our concerns into consideration and fund the Public Interest Declassification Board in a manner sufficient for its operation for fiscal year 2006.
Signed by:
- Danielle Brian
- Executive Director, Project On Government Oversight
- Rick Blum
- Director, Freedom of Information Project, OMB Watch
- Director, OpenTheGovernment.org
- Thomas Fitton
- President, Judicial Watch
- Paul Gessing
- Director of Government Affairs, National Taxpayers Union
- William Doyle
- Outreach director and Board Member, World Trade Center United Family group
- Board Member and Treasurer, 9/11 Families for a Secure America
- Board Member, Coalition of 9/11 Families
- Co-Plaintiff and Outreach Director, 9/11 Families United to Bankrupt Terrorism
- Tom Devine
- Legal Director, Government Accountability Project
- Charles N. Davis, Ph.D.
- Associate Professor & Executive Director, Freedom of Information Center,
- University of Missouri School of Journalism
- Michael Mariotte
- Executive Director, Nuclear Information and Resource Service
- Mary Alice Baish
- Associate Washington Affairs Representative
- American Association of Law Libraries
- Terry Francke
- General Counsel, Californians Aware
- Lynne Bradley
- Director, Office of Government Relations, American Library Association
- Meredith Fuchs
- General Counsel, National Security Archive
- Laura W. Murphy
- Director, Washington Legislative Office, American Civil Liberties Union
- Lucy Dalglish
- Executive Director, Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press
- Edward Hammond
- Director, The Sunshine Project
- Conrad Martin
- Executive Director, Fund for Constitutional Government
- April D. Gallop
- President and CEO, 9-11 Elisha Zion Foundation
- Board Member, 9-11 Families for Secure America
- Thomas E. Natan, Jr.
- Research Director, National Environmental Trust
- Colleen Kelly
- Co-Director, September 11th Families for Peaceful Tomorrows
- Cc: President Bush
- National Security Advisor Stephen Hadley
- Senate Appropriations Committee
- House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
- Hon. Trent Lott, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
- Hon. Ron Wyden, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
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